Multifunctional Logic in a Photosensitizer with Triple‐Mode Fluorescent and Photodynamic Activity

Herein we describe a photosensitizer (PS) with the capacity to perform multiple logic operations based on a pyrene‐containing phthalocyanine (Pc) derivative. The system presents three output signals (fluorescence at 377 and 683 nm, and singlet oxygen (¹O₂) production), which are dependent on three inputs: two chemical (concentration of dithiothreitol (DTT) and acidic pH) and one physical (visible light above 530 nm for ¹O₂ sensitization). The multi‐input/multioutput nature of this PS leads to single‐, double‐, and triple‐mode activation pathways of its fluorescent and photodynamic functions, through the interplay of various interrelated AND, ID, and INHIBIT gates. Dual fluorescence emissions are potentially useful for orthogonal optical imaging protocols while ¹O₂ is the main reactive species in photodynamic therapy (PDT). We thus expect that this kind of PS logic system will be of great interest for multimodal cellular imaging and therapeutic applications.     

纳米粒子/聚合物复合光热平台的构筑和应用

叙述了一系列增强纳米粒子光热性能的方法,包括通过自组装方法调控纳米粒子的空间排列,进而优化电子结构和光热转化性能;在纳米粒子及其组装结构外表面进一步包覆具有光热性质的聚合物等.这些手段能够有效地增强光热试剂在近红外光区的消光能力,达到增强光热性能的目的.另外,包覆聚合物壳层后,纳米粒子的胶体稳定性、光稳定性以及生物兼容性都能得到进一步提高,为后续的体外细胞实验和动物体内肿瘤模型实验提供了可能.     

有机纳米材料在肿瘤光热治疗中的应用

光热治疗是利用在近红外具有较强光吸收的材料将光能转化为热能从而杀死癌细胞,与传统的化疗、放疗相比具有副作用小、治疗特异性好的优点。近年来各种不同的纳米材料被用于肿瘤光热治疗,并在动物肿瘤模型实验中取得了令人鼓舞的治疗效果。本文重点介绍几种典型的有机纳米材料在光热治疗中的应用,并讨论这一新兴领域的发展趋势。     

石墨碳纳米材料光学性质在生化传感领域的应用

石墨碳纳米材料因其特殊的光学性质而受到广泛关注。石墨碳纳米材料最引人注目的光学性质之一是其独特的拉曼性质,作为拉曼探针,石墨碳纳米材料在对于复杂生物样品,极端测试条件和定量拉曼检测方面都有很好的应用;除了拉曼性质以外,单壁碳纳米管(SWNTs)独特的近红外二区(NIR-II,1000-1700 nm)荧光性质,具有穿透深度大、分辨率高的荧光成像特点,在生物活体成像领域也得到了很好的应用。除了光致发光特性,石墨碳纳米材料还具有优异的光热转换效应,同时具有比表面积大的特点,被广泛应用在针对肿瘤的热疗及其它疗法协同治疗当中。除此之外,石墨碳纳米材料还是一种高效的信号传导基底,可以猝灭激发态的染料和光敏剂,利用该类性质设计的生物传感器和纳米药物,显现出高灵敏、高选择性的特点。本文主要结合本课题组的工作,总结和探讨了石墨碳纳米材料作为光学探针、光热材料和信号传递基底在生化传感领域的应用。     

Fabrication of a polypseudorotaxane nanoparticle with synergistic photodynamic and chemotherapy

Polypseudorotaxane (PPR) nanoparticles were fabricated by the self-assembly of mPEG-protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) conjugate and a-CDs via the hostguest interaction for achieving synergistic photodynamic and chemotherapy.     

腹腔镜手术联合药物治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床疗效分析

目的评价腹腔镜手术联合药物治疗子宫内膜异位症的临床疗效。方法选取东莞市第三人民医院于2015年1月至2017年1月收治的150例子宫内膜异位症患者,按随机盲选法分为两组,对照组75例给予腹腔镜手术治疗,观察组75例给予腹腔镜手术联合药物治疗,对比两组临床治疗效果。结果在治疗总有效率方面,观察组为94.67%,明显要比对照组的70.67%高,两组数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。在不良反应发生率方面,观察组为5.33%,明显要比对照组的22.67%低,两组数据差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论对于子宫内膜异位症患者,采取腹腔镜手术联合药物进行治疗,具备显著疗效,能够降低不良反应发生率,因此,值得在临床中采纳及应用。     

探讨妊娠糖尿病运用个体化营养膳食的影响

目的了解妊娠期糖尿病专业治疗中行个体化营养膳食疗法对其妊娠结局以及血糖控制水平产生的影响。方法选择130例因妊娠期糖尿病进入江西省萍乡市人民医院的患者,以膳食疗法的差异分组:62例Ⅰ组施以常规膳食疗法,68例Ⅱ组则施以个体化营养膳食疗法,再对两组病例血糖值及其妊娠结局专业统计、观察。结果施以两种膳食疗法后,62例Ⅰ组FPG值(5.60±0.90)mmol/L,68例Ⅱ组(4.47±0.49)mmol/L,(P<0.05);同时Ⅱ组2h PG值及其妊娠结局等都优于Ⅰ组,(P<0.05)。结论对于患有糖尿病的妊娠期患者,通过施以个体化营养膳食疗法,可实现对妊娠结局的充分改善,值得推荐应用。     

Self‐Assembly Drug Delivery System Based on Programmable Dendritic Peptide Applied in Multidrug Resistance Tumor Therapy

In recent decades, diverse drug delivery systems (DDS) constructed by self‐assembly of dendritic peptides have shown advantages and improvable potential for cancer treatment. Here, an arginine‐enriched dendritic amphiphilic chimeric peptide CRRK(RRCG(Fmoc))₂ containing multiple thiol groups is programmed to form drug‐loaded nano‐micelles by self‐assembly. With a rational design, the branched hydrophobic groups (Fmoc) of the peptides provide a strong hydrophobic force to prevent the drug from premature release, and the reduction‐sensitive disulfide linkages formed between contiguous peptides can control drug release under reducing stimulation. As expected, specific to multidrug resistance (MDR) tumor cells, the arginine‐enriched peptide/drug (PD) nano‐micelles show accurate nuclear localization ability to prevent the drug being pumped by P‐glycoprotein (P‐gp) in vitro, as well as exhibiting satisfactory efficacy for MDR tumor treatment in vivo. This design successfully realizes stimuli‐responsive drug release aimed at MDR tumor cells via an ingenious sequence arrangement.     

Specific Light‐Up Bioprobe with Aggregation‐Induced Emission and Activatable Photoactivity for the Targeted and Image‐Guided Photodynamic Ablation of Cancer Cells

Activatable photosensitizers (PSs) have been widely used for the simultaneous fluorescence imaging and photodynamic ablation of cancer cells. However, the ready aggregation of traditional PSs in aqueous media can lead to fluorescence quenching as well as reduced phototoxicity even in the activated form. We have developed a series of PSs that show aggregation‐enhanced emission and phototoxicity and thus the exact opposite behavior to that of previously reported PSs. We further developed a dual‐targeted enzyme‐activatable bioprobe based on the optimized photosensitizer and describe simultaneous light‐up fluorescence imaging and activated photodynamic therapy for specific cancer cells. The design of smart probes should thus open new opportunities for targeted and image‐guided photodynamic therapy.     

Hypoxia Induced by Upconversion‐Based Photodynamic Therapy: Towards Highly Effective Synergistic Bioreductive Therapy in Tumors

Local hypoxia in tumors is an undesirable consequence of photodynamic therapy (PDT), which will lead to greatly reduced effectiveness of this therapy. Bioreductive pro‐drugs that can be activated at low‐oxygen conditions will be highly cytotoxic under hypoxia in tumors. Based on this principle, double silica‐shelled upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) nanostructure capable of co‐delivering photosensitizer (PS) molecules and a bioreductive pro‐drug (tirapazamine, TPZ) were designed (TPZ‐UC/PS), with which a synergetic tumor therapeutic effect has been achieved first by UC‐based (UC‐) PDT under normal oxygen environment, immediately followed by the induced cytotoxicity of activated TPZ when oxygen is depleted by UC‐PDT. Treatment with TPZ‐UC/PS plus NIR laser resulted in a remarkably suppressed tumor growth as compared to UC‐PDT alone, implying that the delivered TPZ has a profound effect on treatment outcomes for the much‐enhanced cytotoxicity of TPZ under PDT‐induced hypoxia.